Ten verticals. What one settled function is worth, a year.
One figure per vertical, sized on its top five global players.
Top five players, one figure.
Industrial and
aerospace
The 18-day quality and stress re‑check settles in 44 minutes.
$590M$590M is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: Boeing, RTX, Siemens, Airbus and Lockheed Martin.
Sized on five sector leaders: Boeing, RTX, Siemens, Airbus and Lockheed Martin.
Boeing, RTX, Siemens, Airbus, Lockheed Martin.
Legacy
- Defect logged, records pulledQuality desk · 1.2 h4 days$87
- Disposition worked by handStress office · 2.5 h9 days$182
- Authority pack reviewed, signedCertification desk · 1.6 h5 days$116
18 days$385
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent5 min$0.90
- Test and build records hashedAgent9 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the buyer’s rule0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedLiaison engineer · 0.5 h30 min$36
44 min$38
The clock: a possible unsafe condition is dispatched to the authority within 72 hours. Part 21.A.3A, Regulation 748/2012, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
72 hours to the authority. Part 21.A.3A, Regulation 748/2012, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Banking and
insurance
24 days of complaint re‑work settles in 50 minutes.
$1.3B$1.3B is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: Berkshire Hathaway, JPMorgan, Bank of America, Citigroup and HSBC.
Sized on five sector leaders: Berkshire Hathaway, JPMorgan, Bank of America, Citigroup and HSBC.
Berkshire Hathaway, JPMorgan, Bank of America, Citigroup, HSBC.
Legacy
- Claim logged, records pulledBranch and back office · 2.1 h8 days$196
- Filed tariff applied by handComplaints handler · 1.8 h7 days$169
- Reviewed, drafted, letter outCompliance and drafting · 1.6 h9 days$150
24 days$515
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent4 min$0.40
- The five records pulled and hashedAgent7 min$0.70
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the auditor’s rule, not the bank’s0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedAdjudicator · 0.5 h30 min$47
- Response out, bundle attachedAgent · adjudicator on the file9 min$0.60
50 min$49
The clock: a payment complaint answers within 15 business days. PSD2, Article 101(2), read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
15 business days to answer. PSD2, Article 101(2), read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Carbon and
climate capital
19 days of emissions checking settles in 40 minutes.
$130M$130M is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: Glencore, Cargill, Archer Daniels Midland, BASF and ArcelorMittal.
Sized on five sector leaders: Glencore, Cargill, Archer Daniels Midland, BASF and ArcelorMittal.
Glencore, Cargill, Archer Daniels Midland, BASF, ArcelorMittal.
Legacy
- Site data assembledSite returns · 1.4 h6 days$79
- Factors applied by handCarbon desk · 2.2 h8 days$124
- Checked and filedCompliance · 1.2 h5 days$67
19 days$270
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent4 min$0.90
- Site returns pulled and hashedAgent6 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the customs authority’s rule0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedDeclarant · 0.5 h30 min$28
40 min$30
The clock: the annual declaration files by 30 September, first in 2027. EU CBAM, Regulation 2025/2083, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Files by 30 September, from 2027. EU CBAM, Regulation 2025/2083, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Energy and
utilities
Settlement re‑checks drop from 18 days to 41 minutes.
$160M$160M is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: EDF, Enel, E.ON, Engie and Uniper.
Sized on five sector leaders: EDF, Enel, E.ON, Engie and Uniper.
EDF, Enel, E.ON, Engie, Uniper.
Legacy
- Meter and trade data pulledSettlements · 1.3 h5 days$82
- Charges worked by handBilling desk · 2.0 h7 days$126
- Disputed lines re-checked, signedTrading desk · 1.5 h6 days$94
18 days$302
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent4 min$0.90
- Meter and trade records hashedAgent7 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the counterparty’s rule0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedSettlement analyst · 0.5 h30 min$31
41 min$33
The clock: an invoice dispute lodges within ten business days. ERCOT Nodal Protocols §9.14.2(2), read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Ten business days to lodge. ERCOT Nodal Protocols §9.14.2(2), read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Health plans and
providers
13 days of chart and criteria review settles in 39 minutes.
$1.1B$1.1B is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: UnitedHealth, CVS Health, Cigna, Elevance and Centene.
Sized on five sector leaders: UnitedHealth, CVS Health, Cigna, Elevance and Centene.
UnitedHealth, CVS Health, Cigna, Elevance, Centene.
Legacy
- Request logged, chart pulledIntake desk · 0.9 h3 days$54
- Criteria applied by handClinical review · 1.6 h6 days$95
- Determination checked, letter outAppeals desk · 1.1 h4 days$65
13 days$214
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent3 min$0.90
- Chart and criteria pulled, hashedAgent6 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the member’s copy of the rule0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedClinical reviewer · 0.5 h30 min$30
39 min$32
The clock: a standard request decides in seven calendar days, an expedited one in 72 hours. CMS‑0057‑F, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Seven days, or 72 hours if expedited. CMS‑0057‑F, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Media and
entertainment
Chain-of-title checking drops from 22 days to 43 minutes.
$210M$210M is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: Comcast, Disney, Charter, Netflix and Warner Bros. Discovery.
Sized on five sector leaders: Comcast, Disney, Charter, Netflix and Warner Bros. Discovery.
Comcast, Disney, Charter, Netflix, Warner Bros. Discovery.
Legacy
- Assets and consents pulledClearance desk · 1.5 h6 days$134
- Chain of title worked by handBusiness affairs · 2.4 h9 days$214
- Cover pack reviewed, signedLegal · 1.8 h7 days$161
22 days$509
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent5 min$0.90
- Chain of title pulled and hashedAgent8 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the underwriter’s rule0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedRights counsel · 0.5 h30 min$45
43 min$47
The clock: a data-subject request answers within one month. GDPR, Article 12(3), read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
One month to answer. GDPR, Article 12(3), read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Pharma and
life sciences
19 days of batch-record checking becomes 42 minutes.
$480M$480M is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: J&J, Roche, Merck, Pfizer and AbbVie.
Sized on five sector leaders: J&J, Roche, Merck, Pfizer and AbbVie.
J&J, Roche, Merck, Pfizer, AbbVie.
Legacy
- Batch record assembledManufacturing records · 1.6 h5 days$143
- Specs re-checked by handQuality control · 2.3 h8 days$205
- Release reviewed, certifiedQuality assurance · 1.7 h6 days$152
19 days$500
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent4 min$0.90
- The batch record pulled and hashedAgent8 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the inspector’s rule0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedRelease officer · 0.5 h30 min$45
42 min$47
The clock: a field alert reaches the agency within three working days. 21 CFR 314.81, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Three working days to the agency. 21 CFR 314.81, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Retail and
consumer
A chargeback answered in 40 minutes, not 18 days of desk work.
$1.1B$1.1B is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: Amazon, Walmart, Costco, Schwarz Group and Home Depot.
Sized on five sector leaders: Amazon, Walmart, Costco, Schwarz Group and Home Depot.
Amazon, Walmart, Costco, Schwarz Group, Home Depot.
Legacy
- Order and auth trail pulledDisputes desk · 1.1 h5 days$62
- Scheme rule applied by handChargeback analyst · 1.7 h7 days$96
- Response bundled, filedFinance · 1.2 h6 days$67
18 days$225
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent3 min$0.90
- The auth trail pulled and hashedAgent7 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the auditor’s rule, not the merchant’s0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedDisputes lead · 0.5 h30 min$28
40 min$30
The clock: the response files within 45 calendar days of the chargeback. Mastercard Chargeback Guide, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
45 days from the chargeback. Mastercard Chargeback Guide, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Telecoms and
networks
Billing disputes re‑worked in 39 minutes, not 16 days.
$400M$400M is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: Verizon, Deutsche Telekom, AT&T, NTT and T‑Mobile.
Sized on five sector leaders: Verizon, Deutsche Telekom, AT&T, NTT and T‑Mobile.
Verizon, Deutsche Telekom, AT&T, NTT, T‑Mobile.
Legacy
- Usage and tariff pulledBilling ops · 1.0 h4 days$50
- Charges re-worked by handRevenue assurance · 1.8 h7 days$89
- Credit approved, reply outCare escalation · 1.2 h5 days$60
16 days$199
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent4 min$0.90
- Usage and tariff pulled, hashedAgent5 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the customer’s copy of the tariff0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedRevenue assurance · 0.5 h30 min$25
39 min$27
The clock: a complaint unresolved after six weeks goes to independent adjudication. Ofcom General Condition C4, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Six weeks, then independent adjudication. Ofcom General Condition C4, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Supply chain and
logistics
File customs at volume. Brokers check only the exceptions.
$630M$630M is one workflow. Averaged across five sector leaders: DHL Group, UPS, FedEx, CMA CGM and Maersk.
Sized on five sector leaders: DHL Group, UPS, FedEx, CMA CGM and Maersk.
DHL Group, UPS, FedEx, CMA CGM, Maersk.
Legacy
- Docs and codes assembledEntry desk · 1.2 h3 days$54
- Duty worked by handBroker · 1.6 h4 days$72
- Entry checked, filedCompliance · 1.0 h3 days$45
10 days$171
Agentic
- Rule in force named and pinnedAgent4 min$0.90
- Docs and codes pulled and hashedAgent6 min$0.80
Re-derived against the rule. OK · REJECT · ERRORVerifier · the authority’s rule0.3 s$0.30
- Exceptions cleared, sign-off recordedLicensed broker · 0.5 h30 min$22
40 min$24
The clock: the entry summary files within 10 working days of entry. 19 CFR 142.12, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
10 working days from entry. 19 CFR 142.12, read 4 Aug 2026. modelled
Method and
assumptions
How every figure here was built, and what it does not claim.
What the figures do not claim.
A re‑run settles that the number follows from its record. Whether the rule was right stays a human call.
A re‑run settles the number, never the rule.
| the addressable population | headcount × the share in qualifying functions |
| the cost of that work | population × loaded cost per head, by pay tier |
| what comes off, a year | that cost × share settled × (1 − running cost) |
| what lands, year by year | the above × 22 / 43 / 70 / 91 / 100 |
| the clock, kept separate | value in flight × days removed / 365 × cost of funding |
Each bar above is the first three rows, at run rate. Full method.
Each bar, the first three rows. Full method.
Model output gets a record, not a re‑run. Every figure is modelled, none from a company’s actual numbers. No catch or false‑positive rate appears; neither was measured.